In response to Strongbow's successful invasion, King Henry II of England reaffirmed his sovereignty by mounting a larger invasion in 1171 and pronouncing himself Lord of Ireland. Following Mac Murrough’s death, Strongbow declared himself King of Leinster after gaining control of the city. The King of Leinster, Diarmait Mac Murchada, enlisted the help of Strongbow, the Earl of Pembroke, to conquer Dublin. Middle Ages ĭublin was established as a Viking settlement in the 9th century and, despite a number of rebellions by the native Irish, it remained largely under Viking control until the Norman invasion of Ireland was launched from Wales in 1169. Táin Bó Cuailgne ("The Cattle Raid of Cooley") refers to Dublind rissa ratter Áth Cliath, meaning "Dublin, which is called Ath Cliath". The Dubhlinn was situated where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin Castle. This lake was covered during the early 18th century as the city grew. The Dubhlinn was a small lake used to moor ships and was connected to the Liffey by the Poddle. The subsequent Scandinavian settlement was on the River Poddle, a tributary of the Liffey in an area now known as Wood Quay. Baile Átha Cliath was an early Christian monastery which is believed to have been in the area of Aungier Street, currently occupied by Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church.įather Mathew Bridge is understood to be near the ancient "Ford of the Hurdles" ( Baile Átha Cliath), the original crossing point on the River Liffey. Áth Cliath is a place name referring to a fording point of the River Liffey near Father Mathew Bridge. Those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin.īaile Átha Cliath, meaning "town of the hurdled ford", is the common name for the city in modern Irish. Historically, in the Gaelic script, bh was written with a dot over the b, rendering Duḃlinn or Duiḃlinn. Duibhlinn is the name of a few other places in Ireland, whose names have been anglicized as Devlin, Divlin and Difflin. The original pronunciation is preserved in the names for the city in other languages such as Old English Di felin, Old Norse Dy flin, modern Icelandic Dy flinn and modern Manx Di vlyn. In most Irish dialects, dubh is pronounced (usually in Ulster Irish). This is made up of the elements dubh (black) and linn (pool). The name Dublin comes from the Irish name Dubhlinn or Duibhlinn, meaning "black pool". Main article: History of Dublin Toponymy Īlthough the area of Dublin Bay has been inhabited by humans since prehistoric times, the writings of Ptolemy (the Egyptian astronomer and cartographer) in about 140 AD provide possibly the earliest reference to a settlement there. It is a historical and contemporary cultural centre for the country, as well as a modern centre of education, the arts, administration, economy, and industry. The city is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of "Alpha-", placing Dublin among the top 30 cities in the world. Similar to the cities of Cork, Limerick, Galway, and Waterford-Dublin is administered separately from its respective County with its own City Council. Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State and later the Republic of Ireland. Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, the new parliament, the Oireachtas, was located in Leinster House. Dublin entered a period of stagnation following the Act of Union of 1800, but it remained the economic centre for most of the island. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century it was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire and the fifth largest in Europe. Originally founded as a Viking settlement, it evolved into the Kingdom of Dublin and became the island's principal city following the Norman invasion. Dublin is situated near the midpoint of Ireland's east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey and the centre of the Dublin Region. The English name for the city is derived from the Irish name Dubhlinn, meaning "black pool". Dublin ( / ˈ d ʌ b l ɨ n / locally / ˈ d ʊ b ᵊ l ən / Irish: Baile Átha Cliath, meaning "town of the hurdled ford", pronounced or Áth Cliath,, occasionally Duibhlinn) is the capital and most populous city of Ireland.
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